The paper deals with the urgent problems of reasons and mechanisms of drug resistance in bacteria, its molecular genetic basis and directions of its control. Data on the main classes of antibiotics, mechanisms of its action and strategies of resistance development in microorganisms are given. Molecular basis of drug resistance development on the gene level are studied extensively. Main trends in antibiotic resistance control are discussed from the genomics point of view. It creates a basis for the further development of absolutely new classes of antibacterial drugs.
