Results of genetic research in patients havingtemporomandibular joint diseases

Abstract

A hereditary defect of connective tissue formation is one of the factors causing development of the temporomandibular joint pathology. This defect may be identified based on genetic markers. Genetic markers, characterizing a predisposition and a type of course of temporomandibular joint diseases (TMJ) include: changes in collagen gene of type II (COL2A1); a mutation in matrix metalloproteinase gene – 1, mutation in genes coordinating the state of estrogen receptors ЕR - α and ER - b in osteoblasts and their physiological activity; cytokine expression, first of all of IL-1 and TNF–α, which play a major role in the development of morphological changes; GSTM gene mutation. Changes in genes characterizing the development or predisposition to the development of TMJ pathologies were defined based on scrapes of the buccal epithelium of oral mucosa of patients. 10 patients: 5 women and 5 men at the ages from 25 to 50 took part in the research. The analysis was made in the DNA testing laboratory “Germedtekh”, Odessa. The prognosis of the pathologic behavior was made and further treatment measures were taken following the genetic research based on the definite set of genetic markers and their digital values.