Arterial hypertension and comorbidity: state of the art

Abstract

Arterial hypertension (HTN) is frequently associated with comorbid diseases. Hypertensive patients commonly have one or several co-existent pathologies. The most frequent ones include diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome, chronic kidney disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cerebrovascular disease and others. The comorbidities have mutual impact on each other, character and severity of complications. They often lead to complications, influence the choice of antihypertensive drugs. The guidelines of the European Society of Cardiologists and the European Society on Hypertension, the American Association of Heart and the American Association of Strokes, the Russian Cardiologic Society and Scientific Association of Nephrologists of Russia, the Russian Medical Society on Arterial Hypertension give recommendations based on the available evidence. Comorbidities influence both the choice of antihypertensive drugs and target blood pressure level. Recently the current concepts were updated by the novel results and meta-analyses. Hypertensive patients with coexistent pathologies require individual approach, complex diagnostics and treatment dependent on the type of comorbidity.